by Johannes Kunisch, Michael Sikora, etc., Vol. Prussia was still in the midst of its decade of neutrality, when after the Peace of Basel in 1795 it observed from a safer distance the continuing Revolutionary Wars and the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. Follow the logo below, and you too can contribute toThe Bridge: Enjoy what you just read? We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. Bismarck had been sunk on 27 May. Christian was born in 1808, in Hannover, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Deutschland. Vice-Admiral Friedrich Huffmeier , a former captain of the German battlecruiser 'Scharnhorst', presents a picture to Rear-Admiral Morgan. In these complicated times, Elena emerges as a strong new heroine who learns quickly that when nothing is certain, she can rely only on herself. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1977. Drag images here or select from your computer for Friedrich Fritz Fred Scharnhorst memorial. Nothing in this case is more dangerous than ones own experience without the understanding with which military history provides us. ). Oops, we were unable to send the email. The aft radar, which possessed only a limited forward arc, was the ship's only remaining radar capability. [13] They were joined by the heavy cruiser Admiral Hipper. Career overview - years in numbers These rescue operations were interrupted by the appearance of the cruiser Newcastle. Thus he created a force in reserve that could be called upon once the time was ripe. As Acasta sank, one of the 4 torpedoes she had fired hit Scharnhorst at 19:39. As a famed officer enjoying offers from other German states, Scharnhorst began negotiations with Prussia for a transfer. I hope that any of you who are ever called upon to lead a ship into action against an opponent many times superior, will command your ship as gallantly as the Scharnhorst was commanded today. Liaison officers were present on all three ships. In early 1942, after British bombing raids, the two ships made the Channel Dash up the English Channel from occupied France to Germany. A third shell hit the deck next to turret Caesar and caused some flooding; shell splinters caused significant casualties. Admiral Marschall detached Admiral Hipper and the four destroyers to refuel in Trondheim, while he would steam to the Harstad area. Family members linked to this person will appear here. [2] We will offer the first English translations of some of these texts. Learn more about merges. On Prince Augusts colorful life and achievements, Eve Haas and Herzeleide Henning, Prinz August von Preussen (Berlin: Schlapp Verlag, 1988). Completed in January 1939, the ship was armed with a main battery of nine 28cm (11in) C/34 guns in three triple turrets. Friedrich Georg Sauer (born 1978) is listed at 518 N Magnolia Ave Lansing, Mi 48912 and has no known political party affiliation. This is a carousel with slides. HMS Jamaica var en ltt kryssare av Fiji-klass i Royal Navy som frdigstlldes under andra vrldskriget.Hon var uppkallad efter den brittiska kolonin Jamaica.Fartyget tillbringade nstan hela sin krigskarrir i arktiska konvojer, med undantag fr en insats sderut fr landstigningarna i Nordafrika i november 1942. It passed through the upper and middle decks before exploding on the main armored deck, which contained the blast. [7][77] The ship sank in approximately 290m (950ft) of water. Johann was born on July 23 1748, in Bordenau, Hannover, Preussen, Germany. [4], At her commissioning, Scharnhorst was commanded by Kapitn zur See (KzS) Otto Ciliax. Header Image: Portrait of General Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst painted by the Circle of Friedrich Bury (Wikimedia). [11] Yet, before the disaster of 1806 shook Prussia out of its lull, few men of authority were eager to listen to and implement Scharnhorsts reforms. Clausewitz, as Donald Stoker states, thoroughly imbibed the history-based analytical method of Scharnhorst.[19]. Failed to delete memorial. In that engagement Scharnhorst achieved one of the longest-range naval gunfire hits in history. When the French Revolution shook Europe in 1789 and the subsequent First Revolutionary War (1792-1795) thrust the continent into twenty-three years of bloodshed, Scharnhorst had the fame of a great expert. Friedrich Philipp Scharnhorst (1666 - Unknown) How do we create a person's profile? The blast damaged the ship's circuit breakers and knocked out her electrical system for 20minutes. [9], Scharnhorst was ordered as Ersatz Elsass as a replacement for the old pre-dreadnought Elsass, under the contract name "D."[4] The Kriegsmarinewerft in Wilhelmshaven was awarded the contract, where the keel was laid on 16 July 1935. Make sure that the file is a photo. Four Allied capital ships, the British Hood, Nelson and Rodney, and the French Dunkerque, followed in pursuit. Tagged: Scharnhorst, Clausewitz, Translation, Introducing #Scharnhorst: The Vision of an Enlightened Soldier On Experience and Theory, The Education of the Enlightened Soldier., General Gerhard von Scharnhorst: Mentor of Clausewitz and Father of the Prussian-German General Staff., Marie von Clausewitz: The Woman Behind the Making of On War, General Gerhard von Scharnhorst: Mentor of Clausewitz and Father of the Prussian-German General Staff,, The Education of the Enlightened Soldier,. The most famous act of the turbulent era, the Oktoberedikt from 1807, aimed at overhauling the ineffective and backward Prussian agrarian system and releasing the economic and patriotic energies of its subjects. The Germans reached Wilhelmshaven on 27 November, and on the trip both battleships incurred significant damage from heavy seas and winds. At 03:19, Bey received instructions from the Fleet Command that Scharnhorst was to conduct the attack alone if heavy seas interfered with the destroyers' ability to fight. Unlike his more famous student Clausewitz, he preferred composing short essays and often sought to publish them quickly as a way to engage in ongoing debates. Translation on Find a Grave is an ongoing project. All photos appear on this tab and here you can update the sort order of photos on memorials you manage. On the Life and Character of Scharnhorst. Historical and Political Writings, ed. British warships were within 35nmi (65km; 40mi) of Scharnhorst's position when she turned to Stavanger. [14] Trevor N. Dupuy, A Genius For War: The German Army And General Staff, 18071945 (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1977),24. As manager of this memorial you can add or update the memorial using the Edit button below. [1] Charles Edward White, The Enlightened Soldier: Scharnhorst and the Militarische Gesellschaft in Berlin, 1801-1805 (Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1989). Estorff recognized Scharnhorsts talents and appointed the young officer as an instructor at the regimental school he had created in 1770. Thanks for using Find a Grave, if you have any feedback we would love to hear from you. If you notice a problem with the translation, please send a message to [emailprotected] and include a link to the page and details about the problem. During operations off Norway, the two ships engaged the battlecruiser HMSRenown and sank the aircraft carrier HMSGlorious as well as her escort destroyers Acasta and Ardent. The second and third turbines were restarted at 15:55 and 16:01, respectively, which permitted a speed of 27 knots (50km/h; 31mph). 9, No. The two ships then refueled from the tankers Uckermark and Ermland on 12 March. 518 N Magnolia Ave, Lansing, MI, 48912-3125. The Germans intercepted British radio traffic that indicated the Royal Navy was at sea, which prompted Scharnhorst to make for Stavanger. [76] Of the crew of 1,968 officers and enlisted men, only 36 men survived. Admiral Hipper and the destroyers were sent to destroy Orama, a 19,500 long tons (19,800t) passenger ship, while Atlantis, a hospital ship, was allowed to proceed unmolested. After receiving only fragmentary education, the teenage boy was provided with a tutor and prepared to enter the military academy of Count Wilhelm in the neighboring principality of Schaumburg-Lippe. The so-called "Channel Dash", codenamed Operation Cerberus, would avoid the increasingly effective Allied radar and patrol aircraft in the Atlantic. Distilling seemingly timeless principles of war and claiming that they constituted the secret of the Corsicans astounding victories, Dietrich Heinrich von Blow, Mathieu Dumas, and Antoine-Henri Jomini became best-selling authors. 1255/56 (Jahreswechsel Juli) thiopischer Kalender. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35136105/friedrich-fritz-scharnhorst. 1807 in anderen Kalendern. A system error has occurred. [61] During a conference with Hitler on 1920 December, Groadmiral Karl Dnitz decided to employ Scharnhorst against the next Allied convoy that presented itself. Husband of Margrete Scharnhorst [31] Severe storms caused damage to Gneisenau but Scharnhorst was undamaged. [15] During the brief engagement, Rawalpindi managed to score a hit on Scharnhorst, which caused minor splinter damage. [46] By 06:30, they had passed Cherbourg, at which point they were joined by a flotilla of torpedo boats. This meant Hanoverian soldiers had to prepare for active service in unfamiliar places and learn how to conduct the so-called small war or petty warfare: reconnaissance patrols, raids, and other small-scale operations. The first went through each deck and exited the ship through the double bottom, while the other was deflected by the torpedo bulkhead and penetrated the hull beneath the side belt armor. Six 53.3cm (21in) above-water torpedo tubes, taken from the light cruisers Nrnberg and Leipzig, were installed in 1942. [12], To fulfill his reform agenda, Scharnhorst surrounded himself with a group of talented officers, some of them his former students. [8] Carl von Clausewitz, On the Life and Character of Scharnhorst. in Historical and Political Writings, ed. In the Seven Years War (1757-1763), Count Wilhelm commanded the allied artillery of Prussia, Hanover, England, and Schaumburg-Lippe, and also played a significant role in the French defeat in the Battle of Minden in 1759. Trevor N. Dupuy. Your Scrapbook is currently empty. Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate, or jump to a slide with the slide dots. [10] The ship was launched on 3 October 1936, witnessed by Adolf Hitler, Minister of War Generalfeldmarschall Werner von Blomberg, and the widow of Kapitn zur See Schultz, the commander of the armored cruiser Scharnhorst, which had been sunk at the Battle of the Falkland Islands during World War I. Fitting-out work followed her launch, and was completed by January 1939. Two days later, Scharnhorst went to Kiel for permanent repairs. Heavy ice in the Baltic kept the ship there until February 1940 when she could return to Wilhelmshaven, arriving on 5 February. Unaware that they had been detected, the Germans had turned off their radar to prevent the British from picking up on the signals. The explosive shock caused serious damage; turret Bruno was jammed, as were the twin and single 15cm mounts on the port side. [3] Her standard crew numbered 56 officers and 1,613 enlisted men, augmented during the war to 60 officers and 1,780 men. The sponsor of a memorial may add an additional. Admiral Lutjens was the commander-in-chief of the operation, he would go on to command the cruise of Bismarck and Prinz . Reorganisation by Carl Rchling (Wikimedia). At this time of year, there was only 45minutes of full daylight and six hours of twilight, which significantly limited Bey's operational freedom. While Scharnhorst was en route under heavy escort on 21 June, the British launched two air attacks, six Swordfish torpedo bombers in the first and nine Beaufort bombers in the second. These are necessary if we wish, in all cases that occur, thanks to resemblance in circumstances, to be able to judge to some degree the success of an enterprise and avoid the mistakes experience could discoverif we wish to consult all the special circumstances and among the numerous possibilities to choose the most beneficial ones. Scharnhorst and Gneisenau were the covering force for the assaults on Narvik and Trondheim; the two ships left Wilhelmshaven on the morning of 7 April. [56] The destroyers landed some 1,000 troops, which pushed the Norwegian garrison into the mountains, completing the mission without major loss. The Education of the Enlightened Soldier. MCU Journal Vol. Scharnhorst displaced 32,100 long tons (32,600t) at standard displacement and 38,100 long tons (38,700t) at full load. While the damage was being repaired, a new radar system was installed aft, the power output for the forward radar was increased to 100kW, and the 53.3cm torpedo tubes were installed. In the first decade of Napoleons rise, the question about the origins of French lethality preoccupied military writers. Simultaneously, Scharnhorst created the Military Society (Militrische Gesellschaft), where many of the ideas and personalities would emerge that later transformed the Prussian Army and ultimately led it to its victory over Napoleon. Becoming a Find a Grave member is fast, easy and FREE. Please complete the captcha to let us know you are a real person. An email has been sent to the person who requested the photo informing them that you have fulfilled their request, There is an open photo request for this memorial. While his position as a mentor to Clausewitz is of no small significance, Scharnhorst deserves recognition for his ideas, and they should be studied in their own right. 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